作業4-2
COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY ELEMENTS
館藏發展政策要素
A. Introduction
The main reason to write a collection development policy is to prevent the library from being driven by events or by individual enthusiasms and from purchasing a random set of resources, which may not support the mission of the library. Besides, electronic resources are becoming increasingly important to libraries of all types and sizes, and are consuming an ever-increasing share of library budgets. Therefore, selection decisions concerning electronic information resources should also be made within an explicit collection development policy. This might be a separate policy or an integrated one.
寫館藏發展政策最主要的原因是為了防止圖書館從事件中被駕馭或藉由個別的熱情和從購買一套隨機的資源中，這些都可能不支持圖書館的任務。此外，電子資源變得越來越重要，對圖書館的所有類型和形式，以及總是消費越來越多圖書館部分的預算。因此，選擇決定關於電子資訊資源也應做出明確的館藏發展政策。這可能是一個獨立的政策或完整裡面的其中之一。
The first elements of a collection development policy will be a mission statement of the library, the purpose of this policy and the audience to whom it is addressed. It should also include brief statements about the community or user group(s); description of the types of programs the library collection serves; the size (including number of periodicals, monographic volumes, electronic resources, languages represented) of the collection; a detailed budgetary overview of the money the library will spend on the different types of information resources; and any formal or informal cooperative agreements that affect the collection policy or practices.
館藏發展政策的第一要素將是一個圖書館使命的聲明，政策的目的是滿足觀眾。
它也應該包括對社會或使用群簡略的說明，描述圖書館服務的類型和計劃，
館藏的規模(包括一些期刊，專題冊，電子資源，語言代表)，一份詳細預算的概觀資金，圖書館將花費在不同類型的資訊資源，和任何正式或非正式的合作協議影響館藏的政策或做法。
B. General Statements
Here will be listed characteristics that determine the direction of the development of the
collection such as: current focus only or also retrospective acquisitions; the resource types(monographs, periodicals, theses, gray literature, maps, etc.); languages; formats (printed, nonprint or electronic); special sources of funding (a grant or gift from a donor); the policy regarding gifts and any special policies regarding maintenance (weeding, discarding, preservation) of the collection; and size of the collections. Other statements can be about how complaints are handled; if there is an equivalent to the "Library Bill of Rights"; about other relevant policies; what limitations exist - what subjects or areas are intentionally not collected etc.
這裡將會列出特點來確定館藏發展的方向，像是：目前的重點也只有或是追溯獲得，資源類型(專著、期刊、論文、灰色文獻、地圖等)，語言，形式(印刷、非印刷或電子)，資金的特殊來源(贈款或饋贈捐助)，政策有關的禮物和任何特殊政策有關維持館藏(淘汰，丟棄，保存)，和館藏的規模的大小。其他說明可以關於如何處理投訴，如果有一個相當於“圖書館人權法案”，關於其他相關政策，存在什麼限制，什麼科目或領域是故意不收集的等。
C. Narrative Statements
Each institution, including its community and other constituents, is unique. Therefore, its policy statements will be unique. The policy statements should reflect this particular library and the community it serves.
•Statements should be made of special subject or format collections that represent unique
materials and for which special guidelines apply, and which formats are excluded.
•The scope of coverage should be described (languages collected or excluded; geographical areas covered and/or specific areas excluded; chronological periods covered by the collection in terms of intellectual content and in terms of publication dates and specific periods excluded).
•Subjects should be described in terms of the library’s classification scheme and subject descriptors.
•Library unit or selector responsible for the collection(s).
•Other categories of useful local information, such as interdisciplinary relationships;
consortial relationships; policies for acquiring access to information.
•Other factors of local importance.
每個機構，包括其共有和其他要素是獨一無二的。因此，其政策聲明將是獨一無二的。該政策聲明應該反映這一種特定的圖書館和社區服務。
•聲明應該做出特別的主題或形式的收集，代表獨特的資料和特殊指引適用，而且格式都被排除在外。
•覆蓋的範圍應該予以描述(語文收集或排除在外，涵蓋的地理區域和/或特定領域排除在外，順序時期所包含藉由館藏，由知識內容和方面的出版日期和特殊時期的觀點排除在外)。
•學科應該由圖書館的分類辦法和主題描述的觀點來描述。
•圖書館的單位或選擇作為館藏收集的原因。
•其他有用的本地資訊種類，像是跨學科的關係，聯盟的關係，政策為了獲得使用資訊。
•其他當地重要性的因素。
D. Subject Profiles
This section of the policy is based upon collection assessment (also referred to as collection evaluation) and needs periodic updating to reflect progress towards goals or goal revision due to changing circumstances. The preferred presentation is a set of conspectus reports, which include all appropriate collection information. Conspectus means an overview or summary of collection strength and collecting intensities – arranged by subject, classification scheme, or combination of either, and containing standardized codes for collection or collecting levels and languages of materials collected. Such a conspectus is a synopsis of a library’s collection or of a consortium’s or network’s coordinated collection development overview or policy. The first conspectus was developed by the Research Libraries Group (RLG) and was subsequently adapted by other groups such as the WLN (Western Library Network). The information should be provided for each conspectus division (24), category (500) and subject (4000) evaluated by the library. See the Appendix for the list of the 24 Conspectus Divisions.
本節的政策是以館藏的評估為基礎上(也稱為館藏評價)，需要定期更新去反映進展情況的目標或目標修訂由於不斷變化的情況。更好的介紹是一套概論報告，其中包括所有適當的館藏資訊。概論意指收集強度和收集強度的概括或總結，安排的主題，分類計劃，或組合中的任一個，並包含館藏標準化的代碼或收集水平和語言的材料收集。這樣的概論是一個圖書館或聯合的館藏概要或網絡的協調館藏發展的概述或政策。第一概論的成熟是藉由研究圖書館團體，並隨後作出修改的其他群體，如WLN(西部圖書館網絡)。資訊應該提供給每個概論分配(24)，類別(500)和主題(4000)評價藉由圖書館。見附錄名單中的24個概論分配。
The assessment is achieved by a number of steps which include planning, gathering data, assigning collection depth indicators (or levels) and language codes. This information is used to manage the library's resources and to make other decisions relevant to the general operations.評估的完成藉由一系列步驟，其中包括規劃收集資料，指定館藏深入指標(或水平)和語言代碼。此資訊是用來管理圖書館的資源和作出與其他決定有關一般的經營。
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